Under conspiracy law, which statement correctly describes when conspiracy is established?

• A. An overt act in furtherance of a plan
• B. An overt act is not required if the plan is expressed in writing
• C. Only the plan agreement is necessary, regardless of action
• D. Conspiracy can be charged with a single participant

Answer: (A)

Conspiracy is proven when there is an agreement between two or more people to commit a crime and at least one overt act in furtherance of that agreement. The overt act shows that the participants have moved from merely planning to taking concrete steps toward the crime. The written plan doesn’t remove this requirement—the plan can be in writing, but there must still be some action taken to advance the scheme. Without an overt act, mere discussion or agreement isn’t enough to establish conspiracy, and the law typically requires at least two participants to be involved in the plan.